FitMiNeurorehabilitation and Neural Repair · 2023 · n=27
Optimized home rehabilitation technology reduces upper extremity impairment compared to a conventional home exercise program
Swanson VA, Johnson C, Zondervan DK, et al. 2023;37(1):53–65.
People recovering from a recent stroke used FitMi at home for three weeks. Their arm movement improved close to three times as much as people doing the same exercises from a printed handout — and the difference was large enough that it is unlikely to be chance. It did not make stiffness or pain worse.
In subacute stroke, the FitMi group improved 8.0 ± 4.6 points on the Upper Extremity Fugl–Meyer scale versus 3.0 ± 6.1 points for a content-matched paper home exercise program (p = 0.029) — a large effect. No increase in spasticity or pain, and no device-related serious adverse events.
MusicGloveJ Rehabil Res Dev · 2016 · n=17
Home-based hand rehabilitation after chronic stroke: randomized, controlled single-blind trial comparing the MusicGlove with a conventional exercise program
Zondervan DK, Chang E, et al. 2016;53(4):457–472.
People years past a stroke used MusicGlove at home and averaged 466 hand squeezes a day — far more practice than a handout produces. On the main dexterity test they did not do better than the comparison group. Where they did do better was everyday use: they reported using the affected hand more, and moving it more easily.
Over three weeks of self-guided home use the MusicGlove group averaged 466 gripping movements per day. The primary Box and Blocks endpoint showed no significant between-group difference (+2.3 ± 6.2 vs. +4.3 ± 5.0 blocks), but MusicGlove produced significantly greater gains in Motor Activity Log quality of movement (p = 0.007) and amount of use (p = 0.04) at one month.
MusicGloveJ NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation · 2014 · n=12
Retraining and assessing hand movement after stroke using the MusicGlove: comparison with conventional hand therapy and isometric grip training
Friedman N, Chan V, Reinkensmeyer DJ, et al. 2014;11:76.
In a controlled setting, the same people tried MusicGlove, isometric grip training, and ordinary tabletop hand exercises for two weeks each. Only MusicGlove produced a measurable gain in picking up and moving small objects; the tabletop exercises produced none.
In a within-subject crossover of three 2-week blocks, Box and Blocks improved more after MusicGlove than after conventional tabletop training (3.21 ± 3.82 vs. −0.29 ± 2.27 blocks; p = 0.010), with the same pattern on the 9-Hole Peg Test (2.14 ± 2.98 vs. −0.85 ± 1.29 pegs/min; p = 0.005).
MusicGloveSpinal Cord · 2022 · feasibility
Feasibility of home hand rehabilitation using MusicGlove in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury
Sanders Q, et al. Spinal Cord. 2022.
People with a long-standing spinal cord injury were able to use MusicGlove at home, and did roughly twice as many hand repetitions a day as without it. This study asked whether it was practical — not whether it works better than something else.
Home use was feasible in chronic spinal cord injury, with participants completing nearly twice as many gripping movements per day as control or baseline measures. This study supports feasibility and dose — not a direct efficacy comparison.
CT SpeechFrontiers in Neurology · 2021 · n=32
A virtual, randomized, control trial of a digital therapeutic for speech, language, and cognitive intervention in post-stroke persons with aphasia
Braley M, Sims Pierce J, Saxena S, et al. 2021;12:626780.
Adults with long-term aphasia who had finished speech therapy practised at home for ten weeks — either on the app or with paper workbooks. The app group’s language scores ended up about six points higher, which is enough to notice in daily life. Word-finding and quality of life improved too.
Adults with chronic post-stroke aphasia, no longer receiving in-person therapy, practised at home for ten weeks. Adjusted for age and time since stroke, the Constant Therapy group scored 6.43 points higher on the Western Aphasia Battery Aphasia Quotient than workbook controls — above the commonly cited threshold for clinically meaningful change. Verbal fluency and quality-of-life domains also improved.
CT SpeechFrontiers in Digital Health · 2023 · large cohort
Consistent long-term practice leads to consistent improvement: benefits of self-managed therapy for language and cognitive deficits using a digital therapeutic
Liu H, Cordella C, Ishwar P, Betke M, Kiran S. 2023;5:1095110.
Looking at how thousands of real people actually used the app: the more often someone practised, the more they improved, in both accuracy and speed. This is a pattern in real-world data rather than a controlled trial — but the pattern is consistent.
A retrospective analysis of real-world platform data found higher total and more frequent practice strongly associated with greater gains in accuracy and response time across exercises, with improvement spanning attention, memory, and arithmetic.
CT SpeechFrontiers in Neurology · 2019 · n=3,686
Comparison of therapy practice at home and in the clinic: a retrospective analysis of the Constant Therapy platform data set
Godlove J, Anantha V, Advani M, Des Roches C, Kiran S. 2019;10:140.
Across 3,686 people with aphasia, practising at home worked about as well per session as practising in a clinic. The difference was frequency: people at home practised more often, so they reached the same level in about half the time — six days instead of twelve.
Across 3,686 people with post-stroke aphasia, home and clinic users starting below 60% accuracy both reached over 90% accuracy in a similar number of sessions (median three). Home users practised more often and mastered tasks in about half the calendar time (median 6 vs. 12 days; p < 0.001).
CT SpeechFrontiers in Human Neuroscience · 2015
Effectiveness of an impairment-based individualized rehabilitation program using an iPad-based software platform
Des Roches CA, Balachandran I, Ascenso E, Tripodis Y, Kiran S. 2015;8:1015.
Early work showing that a tablet program tailored to a person’s specific difficulties can produce real gains in language and thinking skills. It set up the way the app adapts difficulty and tracks progress today.
Early foundational work showing that an impairment-based, individualized, tablet-delivered program produces meaningful gains in language and cognitive performance in aphasia — and defining the difficulty-adaptation and progress-tracking workflows the platform still uses.
Remote rehabSystematic review · stroke & cognitive telerehab
Telerehabilitation is not inferior to in-clinic therapy when the dose is matched
Independent third-party research. Full citations in the evidence packet.
Reviewers pooled trials that compared therapy delivered at home with the same therapy delivered in a clinic. When people did the same amount of practice, at the same intensity, for the same length of time, the results were about the same. The setting mattered less than the dose.
A stroke information-and-communication-technology review and a systematic review of cognitive telerehabilitation both report non-inferiority to in-clinic care at matched intensity, duration, and frequency. The matched-dose qualifier is load-bearing and must not be dropped when the finding is cited.
Remote rehabFeasibility trial · stroke telerehab
People stick with rehabilitation at home
Independent third-party research. Full citations in the evidence packet.
In a stroke telerehab trial, participants completed almost every session they were asked to, nearly all of them finished the program, and they rated the experience highly. Technology problems came up rarely.
Adherence reached 99.6% with 95% retention and mean acceptability of 4.4 / 5; digital barriers were infrequent. Feasibility evidence only — the authors explicitly call for randomized trials.
Remote rehabPilot · VAST-rehab · 20 enrolled
A remote program for younger and underserved stroke survivors
Independent third-party research. Full citations in the evidence packet.
A small pilot ran a remote rehab program with young survivors who had limited access to in-person care. Stroke severity scores improved over the program. Twelve of the twenty people enrolled finished it, which is a real signal about how hard remote programs can be to complete.
Mean NIH Stroke Scale fell from 5.6 to 2.7 across the VAST-rehab pilot in young and underserved survivors; 12 of 20 enrolled completed. Descriptive pilot with no control group — no efficacy inference available.
Remote rehabMeta-analysis · 17 studies · n=3,158
Telehealth after traumatic brain injury: what it does and does not change
Independent third-party research. Full citations in the evidence packet.
Pooling seventeen telehealth studies in brain injury, people came away more confident managing their own recovery. Effects on mood and behaviour were not clear enough to claim.
Across 17 telehealth studies in 3,158 patients with traumatic brain injury, self-management self-efficacy improved (SMD 0.22, 95% CI 0.02–0.42). Neurobehavioural and depression outcomes had confidence intervals crossing zero and should not be cited as benefits.
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